Nuclear Power Reactor Operators

Education

Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers typically need at least a high school diploma or the equivalent to enter the occupation. However, employers may prefer to hire candidates who have a postsecondary degree, such as from a college or vocational school.

Employers generally look for candidates who have a strong background in science and mathematics, especially algebra and trigonometry.

Training

Power plant operators and dispatchers typically need several years of onsite training and experience to become fully competent in the job. Fully qualified operators and dispatchers must take regular training to keep their skills up to date.

Nuclear power plant operators typically receive formal technical training to prepare for the license exam from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Once licensed, operators are authorized to control equipment that affects the power of the reactor in a nuclear power plant. Operators continue frequent onsite training, which familiarizes them with new monitoring systems, plant equipment, and preparation for emergency scenarios.

Licenses, certifications & registrations

Nuclear power reactor operators must be licensed through the NRC. They typically begin working as unlicensed operators in nuclear power plants, where they gain the required knowledge and experience to start the licensing process. To become licensed, operators must meet training and experience requirements, pass a medical exam, and pass the NRC licensing exam. To keep their license, operators must pass annual and periodic exams. Licenses are not transferrable between plants, so an operator must get a new license to work in another facility.

Some power plant operators may be licensed by state licensing boards as stationary engineers, boiler operators, or firefighters. Requirements vary by state and depend on the specific job functions that the operator performs.

Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers who are in positions that could affect the power grid may need to be certified.

Advancement

With training and experience, power plant operators and power plant distributors and dispatchers may become shift supervisors, trainers, or consultants.

Licensed nuclear power reactor operators may advance to become senior reactor operators, who supervise the operation of all controls in the control room. Senior reactor operators also may become plant managers or licensed operator instructors.

Important qualities

Communication skills. Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers may work on a team and must provide clear instructions on operating procedures, on repairs, and when responding to emergencies.

Detail oriented. Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers must carefully monitor controls and machinery to ensure that everything is working properly.

Dexterity. Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers must use precise and repeated motions when operating equipment in a control room.

Mechanical skills. Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers must know how to use tools and to work with machines. They must be familiar with how to operate, repair, and maintain equipment.

Problem-solving skills. Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers must find and troubleshoot problems that arise with equipment or controls.