Genetic Counselors
Genetic counselors assess clients' risk for a variety of inherited conditions, such as birth defects.
Is genetic counselors a good career?
It scores 31/100 and ranks #129 of 825 occupations on pay, growth, employment and openings. Here's what the federal data says, with no editorializing.
Advantages
- Pays well above the U.S. median wage ($100,040 vs $61,390)
- Faster-than-average projected growth (+9.3% through 2034)
Possible tradeoffs
- Typically requires a master's degree
What genetic counselors earn
Wages: BLS OEWS May 2025Pay is a range, not a number. Half of U.S. genetic counselors earn between $88,900 and $116,140 a year.
Best-paying states
Best-paying metros
Strongest employment concentration
Live genetic counselors jobs
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- Typical education
- Master's degree
- Work experience
- None
- On-the-job training
- None
- Outlook
- Employment is projected to grow much faster than average through 2034.
Education
Genetic counselors typically need a master’s degree in genetic counseling. Admission to master’s degree programs varies. Some schools require a bachelor’s degree in a science-related field, such as biology. Other programs require coursework in subjects such as biology, genetics, or statistics. Prospective students should check with an individual school regarding its requirements.
Genetic counseling programs typically take 2 years of postbaccalaureate study. In addition to medical topics, coursework in genetic counseling focuses on client interaction and research. Students typically complete supervised clinical rotations that provide students an opportunity to work with clients in different clinical environments.
Licenses, certifications & registrations
Most states require genetic counselors to be licensed. Although requirements vary by state, licensure typically requires certification. For specific information, contact your state’s medical board.
Certifications for genetic counselors are also available. To become certified, candidates must complete an accredited master’s degree program and pass an exam. Counselors must complete continuing education courses to maintain board certification.
Even in states that do not require certification, employers may require or prefer that job candidates be certified or receive certification within a specified time after being hired.
Important qualities
Communication skills. Genetic counselors must be able to explain complex information in a way that their clients understand.
Compassion. Genetic counselors must be sensitive and empathetic when discussing clients’ options regarding potentially upsetting test results.
Critical-thinking skills. Genetic counselors recommend the proper test and analyze findings for each client.
Interpersonal skills. Genetic counselors must be able to relate well with clients and their families, as well as to work with other healthcare providers offering services to clients.
Organizational skills. Genetic counselors manage multiple clients and must keep accurate, complete records on each of them.
Related occupations
How much do genetic counselors make?
The national median wage is $100,040 a year, with the middle half earning between $88,900 and $116,140 (BLS OEWS May 2025).
Is genetic counselors a good career?
On the Jobs.best index it scores 31 of 100 and ranks #129 of 825 occupations, weighing pay, growth, employment and openings. Employment is projected to change +9.3% through 2034.
What education do you need to become a genetic counselor?
The typical entry-level education is master's degree.
Where do genetic counselors earn the most?
Among states, California pays the highest median ($137,650). Local pay for every state and metro is below.